First, the mfg of your computer cobbles together components: mobo, memory, devices, etc. from different suppliers, so unless they have home grown software that does what you are asking, I doubt that any one software package exists - I could be wrong.ribald said:
Next, the BIOS does a power-on self test (POST) that checks the DMI data pool which is a data base of your hardware. If the computer boots up without any nasty messages - then your hardware has not reached its end-of-life. This of course does not tell you how close any one hardware component it is to failing or about to fail. Each component has its own inherent hardware reliability derived from each component's hardware items that comprise it.
In order to answer your question, first a software would have to know what to test and then know how to test each component in your system.
If you do not know exactly what hardware your system has, a good first step is to download Everest Free (Home Edition freeware) from http://www.lavalys.com
It will tell you the SMART status of your disks which is desireable to know. It also monitors your system, cpu and aux temperatures - also, good to know. And it monitors cooling fan rpms, and voltage values for your system.
A good memory test package is memtest86 which you can google for and download from several websites, install and run in order to check your memory.
Another good idea is to download the disk diagnostic software from your hard drive mfgr website (its free).
Other than that, there is a website known as: The Ultimate Boot CD at: http://www.ultimatebootcd.com which has many utilities to checkout your system - or go to the Windows version link at the top of the webpage here: http://www.ubcd4win.com
-- Tom